Ways to Determine a Building's Construction Type. Steps. Method. 1Overview for Assessing Construction Type. How building class is determined. This page describes the different types of construction systems commonly found today. Types of Building Construction based on the combustibility and the fire resistance rating of a building's structural elements. How to Determine a Building's Construction Type. Determining a building's construction type is dependent on quite a number of different factors and requires a keen. The late Frank Brannigan, author of the renowned text Building Construction for the Fire Service, is often quoted for his famous saying, Principles of building construction: combustible iii federal emergency management agency united states fire administration national fire academy. Construction Types All buildings are classified according to their construction type (Chapter 6 of the Ohio Building Code). Type I is least combustible and Type V is. CHAPTER 6 TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION SECTION 601. The building elements shall have a fire-resis-tance rating not less than that specified in Table 601 and exte-. All buildings must be classified into one of six construction classes (see number 3). Classification of a building class is based on two factors: building elements and fire- resistance rating. These factors may not be included in the submission/documentation, in which case additional information will need to be requested. The building materials used in the construction of the building elements above will have a fire- resistance rating. Building Construction for Firefighters 1 Building Construction for Firefighters Course Design. Explain fire containment in all types of building construction. Fire- resistance rating typically means the duration for which a passive fire protection system can withstand a standard fire resistance test. This can be quantified simply as a measure of time (ex. For example, a masonry building may have an unprotected wood roof. The wood roof is the weakest member such that it has no fire- resistance. Thus, the construction class would be Joisted Masonry (see below). Now imagine this same building with a metal deck roof. So long as the supporting members of the building do not contain wood then this building would be Masonry Noncombustible (see below). If you need to learn about building construction for the fire service, visit Firebooks. We sell educational resources that help firefighters succeed! What to ask. To determine the ISO class of the building, we must therefore know the following composition of the building elements. Structural frame. Bearing walls (interior and exterior)Floor construction. Roof construction. What the fire rating of the materials. Building classes. Learn all about building construction and building materials, explained clearly and simply.All construction types must be classified into the following (all of which are explained extensively below). Frame Construction (ISO Class I, IBC Type V)Joisted Masonry (ISO Class 2, IBC Type III, IBC Type IV)Light Noncombustible (ISO Class 3, IBC Type IIB)Masonry Noncombustible (ISO Class 4, IBC Type IIA)Modified Fire Resistive (ISO Class 5, IBC Type IB)Fire Resistive (ISO Class 6, IBC Type IA)4. International Building Code (IBC) versus Insurance Services Office (ISO). These are two major sources identifying construction types, both of which will be addressed in the construction types outlined below. ISO is traditionally what insurance companies use to denote type, whereas IBC is what architects and builders use. While one company may use ISO classifications, many submission documents may reference IBC classifications and it is important to be able to convert this to an ISO classification. It has been adopted throughout most of the United States. A large portion of the International Building Code deals with fire prevention. It differs from the related International Fire Code in that the IBC handles fire prevention in regards to construction and design and the fire code handles fire prevention in an ongoing basis. Parts of the code reference other codes including the International Plumbing Code, the International Mechanical Code, the National Electric Code, and various National Fire Protection Association Standards. IBC is more descriptive and also includes A or B types of construction for each class. The additional fire rated coating or cover extends the fire resistance of the structural members by at least 1 hour. B is unprotected, meaning that all structural members of a building or structure have no additional fire rated coating or cover. Exposed members are only fire resistant according to their natural ability, characteristics, and fire rating. Insurance Services Office (ISO): This is a provider of data, underwriting, risk management, and legal/regulatory services to property- casualty insurers and other clients. Method. 2Frame Construction (ISO Class I, IBC Type V)1. Classification. Frame construction is ISO Class 1. ISO Class 1 encompasses IBC Type VA and IBC Type VB. Regardless of whether the IBC classification is A (protected) or B (unprotected) the ISO Class is 1. ISO Class 2 encompasses IBC Type IIIA and IBC Type IIIB. Regardless of whether the IBC classification is A (protected) or B (unprotected) the ISO Class is 2. IBC Type IV is Heavy Timber construction and is considered ISO Class 2. The reason is that the heavy timbers perform well and do not fail early in a fire. There are several types of masonry used in the exterior bearing walls of joisted masonry buildings. Variations. There's one variation on joisted masonry construction that doesn't change the construction class — heavy timber or mill construction. Heavy timber construction uses wood members much larger than those found in frame (Construction Class 1) or other joisted masonry construction. If the building uses steel columns or beams for walls, the beams must be protected so they have a fire- resistance rating of not less than one hour. Heavy Timber Construction (IBC Type IV); ISO classifies the building as heavy timber construction if it meets these requirements. Advantages: harder to igniteconsumed more slowly by firemore structural stabilitygreater salvage valuelack of concealed spaces (Heavy Timber)5. Disadvantages: floors and roofs of combustible materials subject to damage by firepresence of concealed spaces. Method. 4Light Noncombustible (ISO Class 3, IBC Type IIB)1. Classification. Light Noncombustible construction is ISO Class 3. ISO Class 3 encompasses IBC Type IIB (unprotected). ISO Class 4 encompasses IBC Type Type IIA (protected). ISO Class 5 encompasses IBC Type IB. Materials include. Ceilings protecting steel beams or joists: What happens when there is no fire- protection material applied to steel beams or joists that support floors or roofs? ISO still considers a building modified fire resistive if it has a suitable ceiling. Ceilings can be plaster or gypsum wallboard or suspended mineral tile. The entire floor- ceiling (a fire- resistive ceiling protecting a floor) or roof- ceiling (a fire- resistive ceiling protecting roof supports) should conform to construction details in a UL- listed or Factory Mutual (FM)- approved design. ISO individually evaluates each approved design. Advantages: uses noncombustible materialsallows greater height and area than other construction classesuses load- bearing members or assemblies that resist damage from fire. Disadvantages: expensive to construct and repairprovides a false sense of security. Method. 7Fire Resistive (ISO Class 6, IBC Type IA)1. Classification. Fire Resistive construction is ISO Class 6. ISO Class 6 encompasses IBC Type IA. With pre- stressed concrete units, builders pull the cables tight before pouring the concrete and release them as the concrete cures. With post- tensioned concrete units, builders pull one end of the cable tight after pouring the concrete. What does the B mean in a 5 B structure? How Contributor. It means it is an unprotected construction. Members rely on their natural fire resistance, rather than a cladding or other protection added to them to provide fire resistance. What construction type would a mobile/manufactured home be? How Contributor. Mobile homes are not regulated by IBC codes, but they do have their own construction codes through the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Some newer mobile homes can be classified as similar to type- V construction. Ask a Question. If this question (or a similar one) is answered twice in this section, please click here to let us know. Tips. An ISO- IBC conversion table. 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